iPhone 4.1版~(from DEV-TEAM)

以下是翻譯來自iphone破解專家團隊的訊息：

It’s a trap! 

這是陷阱！

Today you’ll likely start seeing iTunes innocently offer you a new version of iOS…version 4.1.  Don’t accept it…it’s a trap!
今天開始(此文四天前已PO)，你將可能開始看到 iTunes提供你不正確的iOS版本...4.1版，千萬不要接受，這是陷阱！


This time of year there are lots of new iPhone owners, and not everybody knows that accepting new iOS updates is the surest way to lose your jailbreak and/or unlock.  While those of you who have Cydia or TinyUmbrella backups of your FW hashes will always be able to get back to 4.0.1 if you make this mistake, this doesn’t hold for unlockers. There’s currently no known way to revert your baseband — if you update your baseband you’ll lose the ultrasn0w unlock, possible forever.
今年這一次，有許多的艾鳳使用者並不知道接受了新版iOS更新後，是絕對會會會...失去越獄並且可能被鎖上。當如果你們有用Cydia和TinyUmbrella備份，你們的韌體覆寫將能夠回裝至4.0.1版去。假如你犯了此錯誤，此舉不會造成鎖頻。目前還不知如何去回復原本的基頻，假如你更新了基頻，你將可能永遠會失去ultrasn0w unlock。


Please stay away from this 4.1 release until a safe jailbreak procedure (which also preserves ultrasn0w) is developed and released.
請離4.1遠一點，直到安全的越獄程序發展和釋放出來。(此程序同樣可以保留ultrasn0w)


P.S.  There are a tiny number of iPhone3G owners who can revert their basebands due to a flaw in very early bootloaders…you will already know if you fit in this category!
附註：有極少數的iPhones3G使用者能夠回復原本的基頻，起因為早期開機載入的瑕疵...你會知道地~如果你的是屬於此類機型！

Global Emissions Interactive--The Washington Post 全球碳排放量互動網

Innovations In News The latest creations from Slate and The Washington Post
Friday, October 09, 2009
Translated by bluelion

The Washington Post has launched a new project for users to gain a better understanding of the global climate change policy debate ahead of the UN's Conference on Climate Change, taking place in December. One of the major pieces was an interactive that allows users to explore changes in carbon emissions from fossil fuels for G-20 countries, selected developing nations and others critical to the debate.
華盛頓郵報已發起一個新的研究計劃，提供給使用者以更加了解，將在12月於聯合國氣候變遷會議上舉行的全球氣候變遷政策辯論。其中一個最主的部份是其互動功能可以讓使用者去探究G-20工業國，以及發展中國家和其它關鍵的石油碳排量進而參與辯論。

下述為互動網址：
排量互動查詢連結

The feature also lets you dive into individual countries to provide more in-depth information and the latest related news items. Keep checking back as we hope to add different kinds of climate-related data and measurements to these pages.
其特性同樣允許探究每一個國家以提供更具深度的資訊和最新相關新聞。我們希望對此網頁添加不同的種類的氣候相關資料和測量方式，讓使用者不斷地回來查詢。

The Flash interactive features both total carbon emissions and emissions per capita statistics from a variety of nations. This project was created using data from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center and an internal Django database. Flash visualizations were created by information from the database and custom animations on the Flash timeline. Country profiles linked from the interactive are a combination of that data and Google Charts.
Flash動態互動網頁具有每一個不同的國家之總碳排量和每人平均碳排量。此研究計劃使用來自於二氧化碳分析中心和內部的Django資料庫的數據製作而成。動態網頁是由資料庫和依據Flash時間序的客製動畫所製作成像。每個國家的數據圖表，是由谷哥圖表和資料結合後連結而來的互動網頁。

Developed by Wilson Andrews, Alicia Cypress, Jacqueline Kazil, Todd Lindeman, and Karen Yourish.

'Underwater kite' aims to turn energy tide--"水下風箏"目標轉換潮汐能量

'Underwater kite' aims to turn energy tide

By Matthew Knight for CNN

May 6, 2010 -- Updated 1512 GMT (2312 HKT)

Translated by bluelion

London, England (CNN) -- A new type of tidal turbine which its creators describe as an "underwater kite" has taken a step closer to becoming commercially available.

英國倫敦--CNN報導，新型的潮汐發電機，其創造者稱之為"水下風箏"，已即將邁向商業化階段。

"Deep Green," developed by Swedish start-up Minesto, has just secured €2 million ($2.5 million) from investors to fund testing scheduled to start in 2011.

由瑞典的新公司Minesto所開發的"深綠"(潮汐發電機之名稱)，已從投資者處獲得2百萬歐元(約2.5百萬美元)做為表定於2011年開始的測試資金。

The technology comprises of a turbine attached to a wing and rudder which is tethered to the ocean floor by 100 meters of cable.

此科技由一具發電機連結翼片和方向舵所組成，並由100公尺長的纜線繫留於海床上。

Anchoring "Deep Green" and steering the tethered "kite" enables the turbine to capture energy from the tidal currents at ten times the speed of the actual stream velocity, say Minesto.

Minesto表示：錨於海床的"深綠"和操縱被擊留的"風箏"可以讓發電機補捉從潮流而來，且十倍於實際的潮流速度的能量。

When operational, the turbine is expected to generate 500 kilowatts of power.

當運作時，發電機預期可產生500千瓦的電力。

One of the big advantages of their technology, Minesto executives say, is its small size -- 12 meters for the wingspan and one meter for the turbine -- relative to other tidal-energy designs.

Minesto主管表示：相對於其它潮汐能源設計，此科技最大的優勢是其尺寸小--其翼展12公尺、發電機1公尺大小。

According to Minesto's chief technical officer, Ted Rosendahl, this means that "Deep Green" can operate efficiently at sites with low current velocities and also at greater depths, allowing tidal energy to be implemented in new stretches of sea water.

根據Minesto首席技術主管--Ted Rosendhl，此意味者"深綠"可以於低洋流速度和較深的深度下有效率地運作，允許潮汐能量能運作於開闊的海水中。

The company hope to begin trials of a scale model in 2011 at Strangford Lough, in County Down, Northern Ireland -- which is already home to a commercial tidal power device operated by UK renewable energy company, SeaGen.

公司希望於2011年，於北愛爾蘭康蒂唐，斯特蘭福德湖開始全尺寸模型測試，北愛已是英商再生能源公司SeaGen之商用潮汐能源裝置首次運作地。

Rosendahl is confident that a commercial model of "Deep Green" will be available within four years but he says obstacles still remain.

Rosendahl深具信心其"深綠"之商用模型將會在四年內發表，但仍有些障礙。

"We are in the development stage at the moment so there are many things to look into. Of course there are things in the environment that we don't know about fully yet," Rosendahl told CNN.

他告訴CNN，"我們此刻正在發展階段，因此仍有許多事情需要深入研究，當然這包括許多在周遭環境中我們全然未知的事物。"

Minesto was founded in 2007 and the project began back in 2003 as a spin-off from experiments at the auto and aircraft manufacturer Saab.

Minesto創於2007年，而此專案始於2003年由汽車和飛機製造廠Saab實驗的意外收穫而來。

There are currently a variety of tidal energy systems on trial around the world, but according to the Energy Systems Research Unit at the UK's University of Strathclyde there are just two main methods employed.

目前世界上有多種潮汐能源系統，但根據英國斯特拉斯克萊德大學的能源系統研究小組，只有兩種主要方式被使用。

One is tidal barrages, which use technology similar to that found in hydropower stations, while tidal stream systems -- like Minesto's "Deep Green" -- use the motion of the tide and work in a similar way to wind power generation.

一種是潮汐堰壩，其使用科技類似於水力發電廠，同時，潮汐洋流系統--像"深綠"--使用潮汐的變化並且作用方式像是風力發電機。

Luke Blunden, a researcher at the Sustainable Energy Research Group at the UK's University of Southampton, is optimistic about tidal power's prospects.

Luke Blnden，英國南安普敦大學的永續能源研究小組的研究員對於潮汐能源的前景表示樂觀。

"Tidal energy has the winning feature of being predictable -- in time particularly -- which makes it inherently more valuable," Blunden told CNN.

他告訴CNN，"潮汐能源已具有可預測的迷人特性--特別是在時間的部分，這讓它的天性更有價值。

"Although it is more expensive, I think its reliability will win out in the end. It's not a [total] solution, but it will be part of the energy mix."

"儘管它可能是更貴的能源，但我認為它的可靠性將會在最終勝出。它不會是[完全的]解決方案，但會是混合能源的一部份。"

Facebook statuses reveal happiness--CNN 臉書狀態透露幸福與否

Facebook statuses reveal happiness
By Samuel Axon
May 6, 2010 -- Updated 2029 GMT (0429 HKT)


Facebook has extended its "Gross National Happiness" prototype app to 18 new countries. The app analyzes words in status updates like "awesome" or "tragic" to track changes in the collective emotional state of its users.
非死不可已擴大其"國家幸福總值"原型程式至十八個新國家。此程式分析狀態更新字，像是"棒極了"或"不幸的"，以追蹤使用者的集體情緒意識的改變。

When Facebook applied the methods to its U.S. userbase last year, it found that happiness went way up on holidays and way down when celebrities like Michael Jackson or Heath Ledger passed away. While the results of the study weren't surprising, the idea of using status updates to measure national happiness was a novel one.當臉書在去年將此方法應用在美國的使用者資料庫，發現當假期來臨時幸福指數增加，當某些名人如麥克傑克森或希斯萊傑過逝時而下降。正當此研究的結果並不令人意外時，將這樣的概念用以測量國家的幸福程度倒是個新奇的想法。

After Facebook's latest update, the list now includes the U.S., Canada, India, Great Britain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Puerto Rico, Singapore, Austria, Germany, New Zealand, Italy, Chile, Uruguay, Spain, Mexico, South Africa, Argentina, Australia, Ireland, Venezuela and Colombia. Status updates in the English, Dutch, German, Italian and Spanish languages are included in the data.根據臉書最後的更新，清單包含了美國、加拿大、印度、英國、比利時、荷蘭、波多黎格、新加坡、奧地利、德國、紐西蘭、義大利、智利、烏拉圭、西班牙、南非、阿根廷、澳洲、愛爾蘭、委內瑞拉和哥倫比亞。資料庫包含了英語、荷蘭語、德語、義大利語和西班牙語的狀態更新。

As you might have expected, residents of each country become happier on that country's holidays and during big events ? for example, Spain is happier on Saint Jordi's Day and U.S. residents are happier around the time of the Super Bowl. And speaking of sporting events, those can affect the results too; dips in happiness correspond with major sports defeats. Even bigger dips accompanied natural disasters like earthquakes, of course.一如你可能的期待，每個國家的住民在其國家的節慶或重大事件時會較快樂嗎？舉例來說：西班牙人在聖喬治節較快樂，而美國住民在超級盃時較快樂。並且說到運動賽事，這同樣可影響其結果。當重大賽事敗北幸福指數下降。當然，甚至更大的幸福指數下降肇因於天災，如地震。

We noticed that in some cases small increases of negativity accompanied big leaps in positivity. Not everyone has a great Christmas thanks to travel stress or family drama, so it's no surprise that the negative comments go up a little bit at that time of the year too. Play with the app yourself at Facebook's website to see what insights you can conjure up.我們注意到在某些案例裡，小幅增加的負面因素伴隨著大幅的正面因素。並不是每個人都有個沒有旅行壓力或家庭口角的聖誕節，因此對於負面的評價在這些重大的日子有些上升並不令人意外。親自使用臉書網站裡的程式，裡面的有什麼？你將往事歷歷在目。

If you find this data interesting, you'll also appreciate this: Facebook decided a couple of months ago to find out how relationship status affects happiness. Unsurprisingly, it found that folks in relationships tended to post happy updates more frequently. Singles were better off than users who didn't list their relationship status or were in open relationships, however.假如你覺得這資訊有趣，你同樣會對下述感到興趣：臉書在幾個月前決定找出感情狀態如何影響幸福指數。毫無意外地，結果透露出有感情狀態的人更常貼出快樂的更新。然而單身者又比那些不列出感情狀態或是開放的感情狀態者為佳。

Old Beijing disappearing under the steamroller of modernization 老北京將消失在現代化的壓路機下

Old Beijing disappearing under the steamroller of modernization
老北京將消失在現代化的壓路機下
By Jaime FlorCruz and Chen Xiaoni, CNN
April 27, 2010 -- Updated 0020 GMT (0820 HKT)

STORY HIGHLIGHTS
•    In the 1990s, Beijing's old city came under attack from the wrecking ball of modernization 在90年代，北京老城面臨現代化大鐵球的攻擊
•    Beijing's traditional hutongs and courtyards have disappeared rapidly with development 北京的傳統胡同和庭院因發展而快速消失
•    Planners have since decided to separate the new and old cities to protect Beijing's old town 城市規劃人員因此決定分開新舊城以保護北京老城
•    Public opinion has increasingly been taken into consideration in Beijing's city development 對於北京城的發展，公眾的意見逐漸被採納


Beijing, China (CNN) -- Chairman Mao had a dream. A few years after he led the Communist Party to victory, Mao stood on the Tiananmen rostrum and, talking to his comrades, expressed his wish to one day see Beijing's skyline dotted by chimneys -- his idea of a modern socialist China. Now his dream has come true. Beijing's sky is lined, not just by chimneys, but by skyscrapers too.
CNN中國北京 --毛主席曾有個夢想。在他領導共產黨獲得勝利幾年後，毛站在天安門台上，對他的同志們，表示希望有一天看到北京的天際星羅密佈煙囪形成的星點—他理想中的現代社會主義下的中國。而現在，他的夢想成真了。北京如今不只煙囪，摩天大廈也是鱗次櫛比。
Not long ago, many Chinese thought the only way to modernize China was to "destroy the old and build the new." In the 1990s, when Deng Xiaoping's reform program was in full swing, Beijing's old city came under attack from the big wrecking ball of modernization.
還不久前，許多中國人認為中國現代化的唯一方式是拆毀舊的並蓋起新的建築。90年代，當鄧小平的改革開放計劃如火如涂進行中，北京老城面臨現代化大鐵球的攻擊。
That was around the time when Wang Jun, author of two best-selling books on urban history and planning in China, moved from his hometown of Guizhou to Beijing to start his career as a Xinhua News Agency reporter. His beat was city planning and development. In 1993, he remembers, Beijing's city planning office decreed that all new buildings near the Forbidden City would be subject to height restrictions in the interests of the historical city. For Wang, this regulation highlighted the importance of protecting old Beijing and made him want to do his part.
這些事大約發生在王軍 (出版兩本關於中國城市歷史和規劃的暢銷書)，從廣州家鄉遷移至北京開啟他夏華新聞記者事業開始。他負責城市規劃和發展。在1993年，他記得北京城規劃辦公室頒令所有靠近紫禁城的新建築將有建高限制以維護古城利益。對他而言，此法規顯露了保護老北京的重要性並驅駛他去盡自己的一分心力。
Since then, Wang has become an outspoken advocate of saving old cities and their cultural and architectural legacies. To Beijing residents, whose houses are threatened with demolition or who have been forced to relocate to make way for real estate developers, Wang Jun is a kind of folk hero. To scholars of traditional architecture, he is a fearless fighter. But to officials who wish to boost GDP figures through property development, he is a troublemaker.
從那時起，王即成為了保護老城和其文化和建築傳奇的大力鼓吹者。對於北京那些被威脅要拆房或被迫遷移以利地產開發者的居民而言，王軍就像是他們的群眾英雄。對於傳統建築的學者而言，他是個無懼的鬥士，但對於希望經由地產開發增加國家生產總值的官員來說，他是個麻煩製造者。
Wang Jun spent ten years collecting materials for "Beijing Records," his first book published in 2003. "Writing a book is like building a house," he says. "You cannot cheat and cut corners in labor and materials." His second best-seller, "Cities in the Reporter's Notebook" was published in 2008.
王軍花了十年的時間以收集 “城記”—他出版於2003年的第一本著作的文獻資料。 “寫書就像蓋房”，他說道。 “你不能偷工減料”，他的第二本暢銷書—“Cities in the Reporter's Notebook” 出版於2008年。
Over a cup of tea in his apartment in suburban Beijing, Wang Jun talked with CNN's Jaime FlorCruz and Chen Xiaoni about how Beijing has changed over the years.
在他位於北京市的公寓裡，喫茶之餘王軍告訴CNN記者北京這些年來的變化。
Some people say they felt nostalgic about the Beijing of the 1950's and 60's after reading "Beijing's Records." But after reading "Cities in the Reporter's Notebook" they felt sorrow for today's Beijing. Is that the message you wished to convey?
不少人說在讀了 “城記” 後懷念起5、60年代的北京， 但是在了 "Cities in the Reporter's Notebook" 他們為今日的北京感到哀愁。這正是你想要傳達的訊息嗎？
As a journalist, I have no intention to provoke negative feelings. "Beijing's Records" was about Beijing's history in the 50's and 60's. I wanted to answer one question: How was the old town of Beijing, a city with more than 3,000 years of history, destroyed in a few years during the second half of the 20th century? "Cities in the Reporter's Notebook" is about the current situation in Chinese cities, including Beijing. In it, I tried to answer what is pushing the biggest urbanization in human history? How did it happen? Many problems mentioned in these two books are not unique to China. Beijing was a densely populated city that was suitable for walking. And yet more roads, gated communities and giant shopping centers are being built. People have to drive around to get things done. I'm just trying to show the readers how their lives have been changed, like it or not.
身為一名記者，我無意誤導負面的情緒。 “城記”是一部關於北京5、60年代的歷史。我想要回答這個問題：北京這個老城有多老，一個超過三千年歷史的城市，怎麼毀於二十世紀的後半的幾年？ “Cities in the Reporter's Notebook”是關於中國城市的現在情況，包含北京。在書裡，我試著去回答：在人類的歷史中，是什麼驅動了大規模的城市化？是如何發生？在兩本書中提及的問題不僅發生在中國。北京是個適合歩行而人口稠密的城市。然而愈多的道路、獨立的社區和巨大的購物中心正在建造。人們被迫開車才能到達。我只是正試著向讀者展示他們的生活如何被改變，像是這樣或不是。
So are you happy or sad about the state of contemporary Beijing?
因此，你對於北京的當代狀態是快樂還是悲傷的？
All cities are facing and dealing with their own set of problems. Beijing is no different. Since the 1950s, Beijing's government has built a new town over the old one, using the same city center, surrounded by ring roads and expanding it concentrically. Most of the jobs are in the city center so the suburbs have virtually become "dormitory towns" for hundreds of thousands of people. Commuting between job and home causes tremendous traffic congestion. When the new China was founded [in 1949], some Chinese scholars foresaw these serious problems due to development. They suggested separating the old city and the new city in order to balance employment and residential needs. Regretfully, Chinese decision-makers didn't heed their advice.
所有的城市正在面臨和處理他們各自的問題，北京也不例外。自50年代後，北京當局以同樣的市中心，把新城蓋在舊城之上，環以道路並以中心向外延伸。工作和居家的通勤導致極嚴重的交通擁擠。當新中國於1949年奠基後，某些中國學者已預見發展帶來的嚴重問題。他們建議區分新舊城以平衡工作和住宅區的需求。令人遺憾地！中國當權者沒聽從他們的忠告。



When Beijing began preparations for the 2008 Olympics, various sectors -- the community, the central and city government officials -- finally realized that many of Beijing's problems are caused by its single-centered city structure. They decided to make an urban planning adjustment by separating the new and old cities to protect Beijing's old town, focusing on developing three new towns in the east -- Tongzhou, Yizhuang and Shunyi. The State Council approved it and it's included in Beijing's 2020 master plan. If the goal is realized, many problems like traffic and conflict between development and protection can be solved.
當北京開始為2008奧運作準備時，不同的部門—委員會、中央和地方政府官員們終於意識到許多北京的問題是因為單一的城市中心造成的。他們決定調整城市規劃，分開新舊城以保護北京老城，在東邊專注發展三個新市鎮。國務院批准這個包含在北京2020年主軸的計劃。假如這個目標實現，許多像是因發展和保護而導致的交通和衝突可以解決。
Do you have any suggestions for Beijing's urban planners?
對於北京城規劃者，你有任何建議嗎？
The problem is how to achieve the new city master plan, which now emphasizes public involvement. This is a good approach. In recent years, public opinion has increasingly been taken into consideration in Beijing's city development, although there are still problems.
問題是如何去達到現在強調的公眾參與的新城主要計劃。這是一個好方法。最近幾年，公眾的意見逐漸地被考慮進北京城發展之中，儘管這仍是問題。
In your first book, you seem to say Beijing's hutongs (traditional neighborhoods) are dead and gone. But since the population in Beijing has increased so dramatically in recent years, how do you expect people to be housed if the hutongs are not torn down to make way for high-rises?
在你的第一本書中，似乎你認為北京的胡同已消逝。但近年來北京的人口急劇成長，假如胡同沒有拆除以改建成高樓，你如何期望人們有地方居住？
I didn't say Beijing's hutong has died. It's still panting. I do want to write a book called "The Death of the Hutong" and answer these questions: Why have Beijing's traditional hutongs and courtyards disappeared so rapidly during the peacetime and economic development period? Why are the left-over courtyards so dilapidated? Why is nobody taking care of them? And how has the urban fabric changed?
我並不認為北京胡同已死。它還存在。我可不希望寫一本叫做 “胡同之死”的書並回答這些問題，為何北京傳統的胡同和庭院快速地消逝在承平和經濟發展的時期？為何殘存的庭院如此破爛不堪？為何沒有任何人維護它們？並且這城市的結構是如何改變？
The population increase is not the reason for the decline of the hutongs. In Beijing, the old city occupies less than 6 percent of the total area. The increasing population could live outside the old town, so it's not necessary to tear down courtyards and build high-rises there. The courtyards are worth preserving. They are important examples of the oriental housing culture. Even though they are low-rise structures, they can comfortably house large numbers of people because of their dense design and efficient lay-out. In Beijing in 1949, for example, more than 20,000 people lived in one square kilometer of space. It worked fine.
人口的增加不應是胡同減少的理由。在北京，舊城只佔在不到總面積的6%。增加的人口可以住在舊城的外圍，如此一來便不需要拆除庭院和改建高樓。這些庭院是值得保存，他們是東方住宅建築文化的重要範例。即便它們是低樓層建築，因為其密集式設計和有效率的佈局，它們可以舒適地容納大量的人口。舉例來說，在49年北京城，超過兩萬人居住在一平方公尺的空間裡，而且運作良好。
How do you find Beijing's new landmark architecture, such as the new CCTV tower, the National Opera Theater and the "Bird's Nest"? What do they say of contemporary Beijing?
你如何評判北京的新地標建築，像是新的中央電視台塔、國家劇院和鳥巢？他們是如何說當代的北京？
Those so-called new landmarks are all important Chinese projects and they are all designed by Westerners. This demonstrates China's openness. In Chinese history, only Russian architects enjoyed such an opportunity in the 1950s. These new landmarks have provoked widespread discussion in Chinese society to a degree never seen before. This also shows that Chinese society has become more diversified and open. As a developing city, of course Beijing needs modern architecture. It's difficult for me to say whether or not Beijing needs buildings with interesting shapes like the New CCTV tower, National Opera Theater and the Bird's Nest. They are already completed and have become part of Beijing. Many people don't like them.
這些所謂的新地標全都是中國重要的專案，並且全是由西方設計。這表示了中國的開放。在中國歷史裡，只有在50年代俄式建築享有這樣的機會。這些新地標們在中國引起了前所未有的、某種程度的廣泛地討論。這同樣表示了中國社會已多樣化且開放。以一個發展中的城市而言，北京當然需要現代建築。對我來說北京是否需要這些有著有趣外型的建築是很困難的，它們已經完工並成為北京的一部份，許多人並不喜歡它們。
How do old cities like Beijing balance and blend the styles of the old buildings with new architecture?
像北京這樣的古城如何去平衡並將新建築融入舊有的建築風格中？
It's important that we protect the old city while developing a new town. Let's stop destroying the old town and concentrate on developing new cities. Beijing's new master plan, approved by the State Council in 2005, says so.
在發展新市鎮時對於保護舊有的城市是很重要的。讓我們停止對於舊城的破壞並專注於新城市的開發。當由國務院批准北京的新主要規劃時做了以上的宣示。
Last year, some people tried to self-immolate to protest against forced relocation from their homes. Land grabbing is causing social disharmony. What is the key to solving this problem?
去年，某些人試著以死守護家園扺制搬遷。土地的掠奪導致社會不和諧。解決這問題的關鍵是什麼？
The key is to change local governments' financial and taxation systems. In 1998, China started housing reform. Public housing was privatized. Real estate exchange markets were established, but still today, there's no property tax. City governments invest in public services that drive up land prices, but the city governments cannot benefit from such investment. China's constitution, promulgated in 1982, says the government owns land. An amendment in 1988 says the rights to use land may be transferred. From then on, a big chunk of the city governments' revenue came from selling land after relocating people. It's the only way to return the cost of investing in public services, but it causes serious social problems. How do you impose property tax when land belongs to the State? That's an urban planning issue with Chinese characteristics.
關鍵是要改善地方政府的財政和稅賦系統。在1998年，中國開啟了住宅改革、公有住宅私有化、地產交易奠基，但至今仍無房地產稅。市政府投資於公共建設驅使土地價格上漲，但是市政府卻無法從投資中受益。頒行於1982年的中國憲法，說明了土地國有。1988年的修正案說明有權使用土地和轉移。從那時起，市政府的最大稅收來自於遷移人民後的土地出售。這是唯一的方法以回收公共投資的成本，但是導致嚴重的社會問題。如何去徵收已屬於國家的土地的稅？這是中國特有的城市規劃問題。
You say: "China's city planning should go side by side with China's democratic process." Can you explain?
你表示: “中國的城市規劃應與中國的民主進程同亦步亦趨” 你能解釋一下嗎？
The Chinese society has gone through profound changes. Some 80 percent of Chinese housing is privatized. Housing has become the Chinese people's most important property. Since the privatization of housing in 1998, a common theme has been home owners protecting their rights. This has prompted the government to pass in 2007 a landmark "Property Law" protecting legal rights of property owners. City planning must consider public opinion and allow the community to self-manage in order to push China's democratic development forward.
中國社會已有了深刻的改變。百分之八十的住宅是私有化了。住宅已成為中國人民最重要的資產。自從1998年住宅私有化後，自宅擁有者捍衛他們自身的權益已成為普遍的情況。此一現象促使政府於2007年通過了具有歷史里程碑意義的 “資產法”以合法地保護資產擁有者的權益。城市規劃必須考慮公眾的意見，並允許社區自我管理以推動中國的民主向前發展。

松下電器3.1安培小時的電瓶 (目前世界最高能量密度) 將用在Tesla Model S電動房車上

Panasonic's 3.1Ah batteries to be used in the Tesla Model S, have highest energy density yet

松下電器3.1安培小時的電瓶 (目前世界最高能量密度) 將用在Tesla Model S電動房車上

By Vladislav Savov  posted Apr 23rd 2010 9:03AM

Encouraging news for all you EV enthusiasts out there: Tesla's Model S appears to still be on track for its planned 2012 launch and will be using battery technology offering the highest energy density "in the world." Built in Panasonic's new fab in Suminoe, Japan, these 3.1Ah cells (you can just about see one of them being held by the two corporate types above) will be manufactured at a rate of more than 300 million per year. Considering each car would require a few more than 6,000 of them for its full energy storage, that means Tesla would be able to churn out about 48,000 Model S sedans per year. Then again, the company has only sold about 1,000 units of its Roadster so far, so we doubt it'll be pushing Panasonic's max production capacity any time soon. Still, good to know things are progressing in the right direction. 

令所有電動車愛好者振奮的消息在這：Tesla的S型房車表示仍依計劃在2012年發表，並且將採用松下電器位於日本住之江新加工廠製造的，世界最高能量密度電池科技，這些3.1安培小時的電池 (如圖所示由兩公司代表所握住)將以每年3億顆的速度來製造。

考慮到每輛車將會需要6000顆如此飽滿電力的電池，此意味著Tesla只能大約每年生產48,000輛房車。然而再次說明，該公司目前只賣出了1000輛敞篷跑車，因此我們對松下即將增加到最大產能存疑。但仍然樂於知道此事是往正確的方向前進。

Naps boost memory, but only if you dream 小睡增強記憶，先決條件是你得有夢才行

By Denise Mann, Health.com

小睡增強記憶，先決條件是你得有夢才行

STORY HIGHLIGHTS 故事重點

· An afternoon power nap may boost ability to process and store information, study suggests 

研究建議午後優質小睡可以增強處理和儲存資訊的能力

· During dreams, the brain looks at connections that you might not think of or notice when awake 

在夢境時，腦袋審視當你清醒時不會想到或注意到的連結

· Nappers did better than the students who had stayed awake in a maze test 

小睡者比保持清醒的學生，在迷宮測試裡表現更好

Sleep has long been known to improve performance on memory tests. Now, a new study suggests that an afternoon power nap may boost your ability to process and store information tenfold -- but only if you dream while you're asleep.

"When you dream, your brain is trying to look at connections that you might not think of or notice when [you're] awake," says the lead author of the study, Robert Stickgold, the director of the Center for Sleep and Cognition at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, in Boston, Massachusetts. "In the dream...the brain tries to figure out what's important and what it should keep or dump because it's of no value."

睡眠長久以來以廣為所知能增進記憶類考試的成積。而現在，新的研究建議午後優質小睡能增強你處理及儲存資訊的能力十倍之多—但是先決條件是當你睡著時得有做夢才行。 “當你做夢時，你的腦部正試著檢視著當你醒時不會想到或注意到的連結”—該研究主筆，羅伯特．史蒂高說道。 “在夢境裡...人腦會試著理解出什麼是重要和什麼需要保留或因為沒有價值應當拋棄。”

In the study, Stickgold and his colleagues asked 99 college students to memorize a complex maze on a computer. The researchers then placed the students inside a virtual, 3-D version of the maze and asked them to navigate to another spot within it. After doing this several times, half of the participants took a 90-minute nap while the other half stayed awake and watched videos.

在該研究中，共要求參與的99位大學學生記下電腦裡顯示的一個複雜的迷宮。研究人員將學生置於一個虛擬的三度空間的迷宮中，並要求他們導引至迷宮中的其它地點。如此進行了幾次後，當其它半數保持清醒和觀看影片的同時，剩下的半數參與者小睡了90分鐘。

When the students were given the maze test again five hours later, the nappers did better than the students who had stayed awake, even those who had reviewed the maze in their heads. However, the nappers who dreamed about the maze -- one described being lost in a bat cave -- performed 10 times better than the nappers who didn't.

當所有學生在五小時後再次接受迷宮測試，小睡過的人表現得比保持清醒的人還好，即便這些人員之前已回顧他們腦海裡的迷宮。而且，有做過關於迷宮夢境的小睡人員(其中有描述迷失在蝙蝠洞裡)，表現十倍好於未做夢者。

The students who dreamed about the maze did poorly on the test the first time around -- which may not be a coincidence, the researchers say. If a task is difficult for you, your brain seems to know it, and you may be more likely to dream about it than if the task were easier.

做過關於迷宮夢境的學生在受測的第一輪表現不佳，這可能不是巧合，研究人員表示。假如此關卡是困難地，你的腦似乎會知道，並且比起簡單的關卡，你更可能會去夢到它。

"If you're not good at something, and you dream about it, you seem to get better at it -- especially if the information can be used in different situations," says Michael Breus, the clinical director of the sleep division for Arrowhead Health, in Glendale, Arizona, who was not involved in the study.

“假如你不善於某事，而你做了相關的夢，你似乎就會有較好的表現—特別是假如此資訊可以應用在不同的情況下”，麥可．布魯斯說道，睡眠部門的臨床主任，並未參與該研究。

"The sleeping brain seems to be processing information on one level, but on a higher level it helps evolve your memory network if the information is relevant or helpful in your life experience," adds Breus, who is also the author of "Beauty Sleep."

“睡眠中的腦似乎在一個層次中處理資訊，但是在較高的層次中，假如此資訊是相關的或對你的生活經驗有助益，此方式會有助於關連你的記憶網絡。”布魯斯補充道，他同樣是美容覺的作者。

The study's findings, which appear in the journal Current Biology, underscore just how important sleep is to our memory and mental function.

此研究的發現，發表於 Current Biology 當代生物學期刊中，強調睡眠對於記憶和智力作用是如此地重要

It doesn't even need to be a deep sleep, as the researchers found when they monitored the brain activity of the students while they slept. Although the deep slumber known as rapid eye movement (REM) is most closely associated with dreaming, the students' dreaming and learning occurred after as little as one minute of non-REM sleep.

當研究人員監測學生們做夢時的腦部活動，發現此作用甚至不需要深睡。儘管深睡被認為是跟做夢有關的快速眼球運動，學生做夢和學習就發生在無快速眼球運動的睡眠一分鐘稍後。

The type of learning that occurs while you dream can be illustrated by the classic dream that many people have in which they show up for an exam that they haven't studied for, Stickgold says.

這樣的學習形態發生在做夢時，可以經由許多人都有過的典型的夢境來解釋，例如夢到他們並未準備的考試，史蒂高說道。

"When you're in school -- especially college -- there's this ongoing sense that you haven't done enough," he says. "Maybe you didn't make it to a lecture, or you had a paper due in three days that you hadn't started, so you're laying down memories that say, 'I haven't done anything that I need to do.'"

“當你在學校時--尤其是大學—會持續有一種你總是做得不夠意識”--他說道， “或許是你沒準備好上台，或者作業三天後要交了，你卻還沒開工，因此你開始地產生如此的記憶如 “我還沒完成任何我該做的事。”

When someone has the exam dream (or nightmare), he says, "Your brain is taking the knowledge of what happened to help you behave differently in the future."

當某人做了考試的夢(或惡夢)，他說道 “你的腦海是正在汲取發生中的知識來幫助你在未有不同的好表現。”

You may be able to harness the dream power displayed in the study to perform better in your everyday life, Breus says.

或許你能夠去駕馭此研究中展示的夢的力量，去運用在日常生活中表現地更好，布魯斯說道。